In early 2023, the Kimberley region in Western Australia experienced severe flooding leading to extensive mould growth in buildings. Subsequently, a desktop health risk assessment was undertaken to evaluate evidence on indoor mould exposure and health effects. The assessment informed evidence-based recommendations on managing indoor mould post-flooding, including precautions for first responders and occupants, stratified by risk factors.  Recent studies indicate a causal relationship between indoor mould exposure and asthma development and exacerbation in children. Associations with respiratory health effects are supported. No dose-response relationships have been characterised. Limited evidence supports an association between indoor mould and other health effects.