Pesticide pollution affects 11.6 million acres of farmland in Peru, a major food producer in South America. We modelized the dispersion of pesticides in Peru and their effects on public health, particularly cancer. Using artificial intelligence and big data on pesticide properties, agricultural practices, and topographical factors, we mapped nationwide pesticide residues in soil and water. A geospatial correlation was found between pesticide pollution and specific types of cancer in areas at risk. Our findings underscore an alarming environmental situation that threatens human health in the region and provide a rationale for improving public policies.